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New regulatory metabolic factors in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Matějková, Mirka ; Haluzík, Martin (advisor) ; Flachs, Pavel (referee)
Fibroblast growth factors are proteins with diverse biological function in development, tissue repair, and metabolism. The human FGF gene family consists of 22 members. FGF 19 subfamily includes FGF 19, FGF 21, and FGF 23. They act as systemic factors in an endocrine manner. FGF 19 subfamily requires klotho protein as a cofactor for its action. FGF 19 produced by intestine acts mainly in the liver through FGFR4, where it inhibits bile acid and fatty acid synthesis. FGF 21 is produced by the liver and contributes to the regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism through modulation of glucose uptake in adipocytes. Serum FGF 21 levels are increased in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Serum FGF 19 levels are on the contrary decreased in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus and more probably depend on the nutritional status of the organism than on the glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Key words: type 2 diabetes mellitus, FGF 19, FGF 21, obesity, adipose tissue
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New regulatory metabolic factors in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Matějková, Mirka ; Haluzík, Martin (advisor) ; Flachs, Pavel (referee)
Fibroblast growth factors are proteins with diverse biological function in development, tissue repair, and metabolism. The human FGF gene family consists of 22 members. FGF 19 subfamily includes FGF 19, FGF 21, and FGF 23. They act as systemic factors in an endocrine manner. FGF 19 subfamily requires klotho protein as a cofactor for its action. FGF 19 produced by intestine acts mainly in the liver through FGFR4, where it inhibits bile acid and fatty acid synthesis. FGF 21 is produced by the liver and contributes to the regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism through modulation of glucose uptake in adipocytes. Serum FGF 21 levels are increased in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Serum FGF 19 levels are on the contrary decreased in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus and more probably depend on the nutritional status of the organism than on the glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Key words: type 2 diabetes mellitus, FGF 19, FGF 21, obesity, adipose tissue
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